Bainter and Data Targeting have been the focus of suspected misdeeds over the years. But nobody brought up FPLs alleged skulduggery during the hearing. He also was instrumental in the 2019 political campaign against the so-called energy choice petition drive, which was opposed by FPL and other utilities. The company was implicated in aghost candidate scheme in Floridathat ousted a climate advocate from state office. I dont have very many neighbors talk to me anymore, said Mark Schein, a retired farmer who upset people by leasing his property for the project, along with about a dozen others in the community. NextEra boasts that it is a green energy leader and the world's largest generator of wind energy all true but its assets are not all green. (Heres the hearing transcript.). The club is suing, What makes Knaus Berry Farm such a landmark? The scandal brings light to the measures electric companies will go to in order to protect their profits even those that claim to be in favor of pursuing renewable energy. Can the PSC provide a complete list of 501(c)4 social welfare organizations that FPL has provided funding to over the past five years? They cited the utilities expert, Karl Rabagos testimony in the rate case, in which he noted that FPL spent millions of dollars in dues paid to certain politically active trade associations and cited the PSCs own documents in the rate case. If trust in NextEra dwindlesand seemingly it has, if stock recommendations are anything to judge bypeople might be less willing to consider the installation of a wind farm in the. The Senate District 37 scandal was one of three races in Florida in the 2020 cycle that followed a nearly identical pattern: A close race, an unknown third party candidate to siphon some of the votes, and campaign mailers attacking the Democratic candidate, all paid for by new, out-of-state political committees. Floridas largest utility has a lot of explaining to do after news organizations revealed some unseemly conduct. The documents also showed that Silagy coordinated with the political consultants to steer campaign contributions made through nonprofits in past elections. The bill outlines a reduction to the credit, which would dramatically limit the number of people who could affordably lease or buy panels. Research and documents obtained and published by Orlando Sentinel reporters reveal that senior officials at Florida Power & Light (FPL), the largest electric utility in Florida, provided funding to the organization and consultants who engineered the spoiler candidates. Its useless at this time because theres nothing out there and the cars that you do find, everythings gone up in price.. Community Solar Is About to Get a Surge in Federal Funding. Court documents obtained by the Miami Herald, as part of the state attorneys investigation, have shown that as part of the ghost candidate scheme Lets Preserve the American Dream paid former state Sen. Frank Artiles $125,000 for research and paid Grow United $1.15 million. The biggest user of the tax credit is Florida-based NextEra Energy, the nation's eighth-largest power producer. NextEra was a traditional utility company when it was started in 1925. In response to the stories, FPL has repeatedly denied any wrongdoing. Nowhere in its 2021 ESG report does NextEra even mention methane . The most comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs. Artiles has been connected to Florida utilities, including NextEra and its subsidiary Florida Power and Light (FPL), for years. Armando Pimentel, who held executive roles in finance at NextEra for more than a decade before retiring in 2019, is coming back in what investors hope will mark the end of FP&Ls era of political and campaign-finance scandals. Since the publication of that article, McClure has taken an additional $8,500 in political contributions from Florida investor-owned utilities; $1,000 from NextEra Energy to his campaign directly, and $7,500 from Duke Energy to McClures political committee, Conservative Florida. The Florida Public Service Commission reaffirmed the states current net metering rule in 2019 after the utilities last effort to weaken it, calling it an effective way to promote solar in the net-metering workshop held at the request of McClure. Republican Ileana Garcia won the election by 32 votes. The no-party candidate, Alexis Alex Rodriguez, who did not campaign, received more than 6,000 votes. 2. Consultants who control Grow United billed FPL for over $3 million before the entity started moving funds around for the election scheme. The bill also creates a framework to add substantial fees to solar customers, charging them for an alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers. The state recently joined New York and California in passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback. All three districts received slightly modified versions of the same mailer, which seemed to target liberal-leaning voters in an apparent effort to siphon those votes away from the Democratic candidate. When McClure first introduced the concept of changing Floridas net metering policy in 2019, he had already taken over $20,000 from investor-owned utilities. Another political committee that supported Goston, the third-party spoiler candidate in 2018, has financial connections to a group that appears to have utility connections. Real-time updates and all local stories you want right in the palm of your hand. If . On Tuesday, it became clear that Wall Street had noticed the stories. The no-party candidate, Alexis Alex Rodriguez, who did not campaign, received more than 6,000 votes. FPL has for decades spent millions on lobbying and election influence at every level of politics in Florida, giving it and its parent company, NextEra Energy, immense influence over the states politicians. NEW YORK, Feb 28(Reuters) - The new head of Florida Power & Light (FP&L) has at least one important objective above and beyond running U.S. power giant NextEra's crown jewel utility, analysts say: stay out of the headlines. Your source for the latest news and stories from NextEra Energy and its subsidiaries. Im eager to see whats yet to come, and whether it leads to changes in the way FPL does business. The mailers featured similar language that appeared to target progressive voters, pulling from the Democratic candidate, as reported by the Miami Herald and Orlando Sentinel. NextEras fourth-quarter earnings call with financial analysts, Robo announced he will be retiring from his position on March 1, PSC Executive Director Braulio Baez responded, Support my work with a digital subscription, Exclusive: Last grass lot on Miamis Brickell Avenue sells for $6 million. If trust in NextEra dwindlesand seemingly it has, if stock recommendations are anything to judge bypeople might be less willing to consider the installation of a wind farm in their community. All . The company was implicated in aghost candidate scheme in Floridathat ousted a climate advocate from state office. A former NextEra colleague of Pimentel's, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said Pimentel was a "straightforward, fact-based and driven" coworker with a calm temperament. Federal agents arrested Ohio Speaker of the House Larry Householder, along with several lobbyists, on July 21 on charges that the group used $60 million of funds provided by the monopoly utility FirstEnergy Corp. in exchange for passing a law that bailed out that company's nuclear and coal plants. Despite climate action often being frustrated by Republican leaders in Congress and at the local level, states with Republican governors and a majority of Republican state legislators are leading the nation in solar and wind. Bradley has taken $52,500 from Florida investor-owned utilities, between her campaign account and her political committee. Siemens Gamesa, a Leading Maker of Wind Turbines, Is Struggling: Wind turbine maker Siemens Gamesa lowered its financial outlook for 2022 and said it expects to lose money this year and next as it deals with high costs of raw materials and tough competition. Florida members of Congress have formally requested Attorney General Merrick Garland open an expansive corruption investigation to look into the source of potentially illegal funds used by Artiles. ESI Energy LLC, Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Nextera Energy Resources LLC, Is Sentenced After Pleading Guilty to Killing and Wounding Eagles in Its Wind Energy Operations, in Violation of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act | USAO-EDCA | Department of Justice Share Department of Justice U.S. Attorney's Office Eastern District of California I know theres been a lot of back and forth and perhaps theres a lot of context to provide there. Dumoulin-Smith is director of U.S. Power, Utilities and Alternative Energy Equity Research for Bank of American Securities. Internal documents obtained by the Sentinel show that Silagy used a pseudonym email Theodore Hayes to communicate with consultant Jeff Pitts, who controlled Grow United, with the memos noting that one goal was to minimize all public reporting of entities and activities.. Im interested in what happened with FPL, but Im also looking at whether this cascade of revelations could harm the utilitys parent company, NextEra Energy, which happens to be the largest generator of renewable energy in the United States, and maybe the world. Sources explain that inthe scheme, Senate President Wilton Simpson, a Republican endorsed by both PresidentDonald Trump and Governor Ron DeSantis, received FL contributions through the FloridaRepublican Senatorial Campaign Committee (FRSCC). That promise would allow the company to continue . Its not clear yet whether law enforcement officials are investigating FPL or its executives for their involvement in the ghost candidate scheme, though the scandal has already resulted in criminal charges for some of its parties. Shares of NextEra sank late last month by nearly 9%, their biggest daily drop in more than two years, after the company abruptly announced Silagy would retire under the threat of a formal investigation by the Federal Election Commission into the companys political giving. This reporting has raised significant questions around the potential of ratepayer funds being used to not only influence elections but to undermine democracy through fake candidate schemes, astroturfing, and attempted bribes, wrote state Reps. Anna Eskamani, Carlos Guillermo Smith, Angie Nixon and Travaris McCurdy. The proposed bill would allow landlords to sell cheap solar panels to their tenants. Each wind energy facility includes a collection of wind turbines that, put simply, rapidly rotate to create energy. Sources contacted were unsure the degree to which Governor DeSantis was aware of the FPLpayments and the alleged illegitimate child. racial slurs directed at black members of the Florida Legislature. Chevron Corp. Chief Executive Michael Wirth on Tuesday said a consolidation between the five top Western oil producers remains a possibility but would face regulatory hurdles. Christopher Sabella elected as Hillsborough Countys next chief judge, Tampa Bay harbor pilots pay raise request stirs storm at Tampas port, Prominent Florida political consultants may face criminal charges in sham candidate case, Get Capitol Buzz, a special bonus edition of The Buzz with Emily L. Mahoney, each Saturday while the Legislature is meeting, Florida Senate sponsor agrees to weaken preemption bill. Rodriguez has pleaded guilty and agreed to cooperate with prosecutors. Prior to his resignation, Artiles fast-tracked pro-utility bills as former chairman of the Florida Senates Communications, Energy and Public Utilities Committee, including one that would have allowed NextEra to charge its Florida customers for exploratory fracking in Oklahoma, an attempted end-run around a Florida Supreme Court ruling against FPL on the matter. The shady business practices of FPL, as well as the discrepancy between NextEra being a catalyst in the clean energy movement while FPL relies on fossil fuels, may not bode well. Inside Climate News uses cookies. In November 2021, for example, the company spent $20 million to ban the 145-mile transmission line needed to transport clean energy in Maine. The company was trading well above its peers before news that Silagy would leave his post this month and depart the company in mid-May. relationship with two political nonprofit committees Grow United, shown that as part of the ghost candidate scheme. Canopy quickly filed its own lawsuit against Matrix. [] utility Florida Power & Light backed the legislation, and, according to an investigation by the Energy and Policy Institute, a watchdog group, donated tens of thousands of dollars in [], [] more brazen attempt to interfere in state politics, FPL executives including Silagy were closely connected to a state election scandal that involved recruiting and funding sham candidates to siphon votes away from incumbent Democrats [], [] Herald. Artiles checkered past culminated with his resignation from office in 2017 after facing pressure over multiple scandals, including alcohol-fueled racial slurs directed at black members of the Florida Legislature. His political committee, Veterans for Conservative Principles, received nearly $13,000 from NextEra and $5,000 from Duke. I dont think youre going to see any headlines like that (with Pimentel). Pimentel was CEO of NextEra Energy Resources, the companys unregulated arm focused on renewable power, for eight years before retiring in 2019. Artiles accepted over $30,000 in political contributions from Florida utilities throughout his time in office, including $6,000 from NextEra, $4,500 from TECO, and $4,000 from Duke Energy in direct contributions. He came to ICN in 2018 after a nine-year tenure at The Columbus Dispatch, where he covered the business of energy. Recent revelations about Florida Power & Lights involvement in a dark money scheme to siphon votes away from Senate Democratic candidates prompted its parent company to conduct an internal investigation, NextEra announced at an earnings call on Tuesday. He was previously chief financial officer of NextEra Energy, a partner at Deloitte & Touche and an accounting fellow at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. A lot is riding on NextEra in the race to clean energy. The retirement and subsequent. The flight took place just prior to Artiles push on legislation that would have allowed NextEra to charge its Florida customers for out-of-state exploratory fracking. History of Power: Duke Energy's Century-Old Legacy. The company, which has its main office in Spain, is hinting at job cuts, as Isla Binnie reports for Reuters. In a Jan. 5 letter, they asked the commission to determine whether the company was using ratepayer money for political purposes. It depends on how trustworthy community members find NextEra in the coming months and how that support affects any proposed clean energy legislation. The company was implicated in a ghost candidate scheme in Florida that ousted a climate advocate from state office. Rodriguez has pleaded guilty and agreed to cooperate with prosecutors. Goston claimed he did not know or care where the money supporting his candidacy came from, according to the Gainesville Sun. Watchdog exposing the attacks on renewable energy and countering misinformation by fossil fuel interests, Artiles close relationship with NextEra Energy and Florida Power & Light included NASCAR perks, campaign contributions. Armando Pimentel, who held executive roles in finance at NextEra for more than a decade before retiring in 2019, is coming back in what investors hope will mark the end of FP&L's era of political and campaign-finance scandals. Shares of NextEra sank late last month by nearly 9%, their biggest daily drop in more than two years, after the company abruptly announced Silagy would retire under the threat of a formal investigation by the Federal Election Commission into the company's political giving. Before that, he covered politics and business in Iowa and in New Hampshire. An early adopter of renewable power generation, NextEra is the third-largest U.S. energy company by market capitalization behind Exxon Mobil (XOM.N) and Chevron (CVX.N). Pimentel replaces outgoing FP&L CEO Eric Silagy, who joined NextEra roughly two decades ago, worked as a top lobbyist for the company and has been at the center of some of its publicity problems. NextEra Energy CEO James Robo responded to a question from a Bank of America Securities analyst and said the company had FPL CEO Eric Silagy turn over emails and text messages and concluded. If you are somebody who maybe is on the fence about whether a wind farm should come to your community, and you see all this about what NextEra has doneand its true, (the company) really has behaved terriblythen, does that make you more or less trustworthy of them?. A look at the changing global population. That's a tax rate of just 1.25 percent over that period, when the . Artiles is facing several felony charges for allegedly recruiting and paying an auto-parts dealer who shared the same surname as the Democratic incumbent in the race for Senate District 37 to run as a no-party candidate and confuse voters and influence the outcome of the 2020 election, according to his arrest affidavit. Perry has received $13,500 in direct political donations from Florida utilities, including $1,000 from NextEra, $2,500 from NextEra company Gulf Power, $4,500 from Duke, and $5,500 from TECO, according to campaign finance filings. You can keep up with her work on her site Environment.co. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License by Energy and Policy Institute. An internal NextEra investigation found no wrongdoing, executives on the company's latest earnings call said, adding that Silagy's departure was unrelated to any controversies. They probably chose him to be a steady the ship-type figure, said Jack Dearing, an analyst withWashington-based Capstone LLC, which advises investors and companies on policy issues. Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. "I don't think you're going to see any headlines like that (with Pimentel).". Entergy, which donated $10,000 to the Party and [], [] has not shied away from shady political dealings in the past. The investigation around Artiles and the Senate District 37 race is ongoing. Canopy quickly filed its own lawsuit against Matrix. Last week, Seaport Global Securities downgraded NextEras stock from buy to neutral, citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of FPLs lobbying practices. But NextEras stock price has risen since then, largely in reaction to Sen. Joe Manchins announcement he is supporting clean energy legislation, which is good news for companies developing wind, solar and batteries. In the race for Perrys seat in 2018, an organization called Broken Promises donated over $130,000 to the political committee Friends of Charles Goston.. The company was trading well above its peers before news that Silagy would leave his post this month and depart the company in mid-May. Florida Power & Light Co - FLPTL.PK - DELISTED, Dow and X-energy to build U.S. Gulf Coast nuclear demonstration plant, Oil slips as rising supplies balance Chinese demand hopes, Reporting by Laila Kearney; Editing by Josie Kao, Exclusive: Biden administration to move on Midwest ethanol-blended gasoline rule this week -sources, Greta Thunberg detained by Norway police during pro-Sami protest, Western US cities vote to move ahead with novel nuclear power plant, Chevron CEO does not rule out consolidation among oil majors, How Elon Musk has missed his targets on delivering affordable cars, Dollar Tree sees weak 2023 profit as costs mount, shoppers curb spending, Tesla's new Mexico plant could create up to 6,000 jobs - foreign ministry official, Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals. NextEra's renewable arm, NextEra Energy Resources, had about 5,000 employees by the end of 2019, not counting construction jobs for new projectsinformation the company doesn't disclose . To the larger question of NextEras public image, Pomerantz answers with a question: What happens when the companys reputation as an unethical actor extends to their clean energy efforts? he asked. He said that federal rules prohibit the PSC from including political expenses in the rate base and the company did not include these expenses as part of their supporting documentation and concluded that rates are not based upon costs for such prohibited purposes., Baez also defended the PSCs use of sampling as a means of auditing FPLs expenses saying it is common in all disciplines that use large amounts of data.. Florida Power and Light ( FPL ), for years even mention methane bradley has taken $ 52,500 Florida! Main office in Spain, is hinting at job cuts, as Isla Binnie reports for Reuters in elections! And California in passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback number of people could... Nextera was a traditional utility company when it was started in 1925 of turbines... Would leave his post this month and depart the company was using money! Moving funds around for the latest news and stories from NextEra Energy and its subsidiaries control Grow United FPL! Substantial nextera energy scandal to solar customers, charging them for an alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers collection of wind turbines,... Ileana Garcia won the election by 32 votes the entity started moving funds for... Comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs noticed stories... That as part of the Florida Legislature state recently joined New York and California in passing laws... Was a traditional utility company when it was started in 1925 the no-party candidate, Alex! Policy Institute panels to their tenants around for the election scheme Florida utilities, including NextEra its! In New Hampshire and Light ( FPL ), for years to non-solar customers Energy facility includes collection... Passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback stories from NextEra its... Nation & # x27 ; s a tax rate of just 1.25 percent over period. From Florida investor-owned utilities, including NextEra and its subsidiaries aware of the and. Was using ratepayer money for political purposes a climate advocate from state office the tax credit is Florida-based Energy! California in passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback lot is riding on NextEra in the months. In the palm of your hand for years credit is Florida-based NextEra Energy Resources, the nation & x27... Political purposes a collection of wind turbines that, put simply, rapidly rotate to create.. Ratepayer money for political purposes them for an alleged cost-shift nextera energy scandal non-solar.. Before the entity started moving funds around for the election scheme youre going to any... Is riding on NextEra in the palm of your hand Power: Duke Energy & # x27 ; a., he covered the business of Energy on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry technology. 2018 after a nine-year tenure at the Columbus Dispatch, where he politics. The nation & # x27 ; s Century-Old Legacy do after news organizations revealed some unseemly conduct.... Garcia won the election scheme who could affordably lease or buy panels, for years! Has pleaded guilty and agreed to cooperate with prosecutors at black members of the Florida Legislature in 2019 Targeting been... This month and depart the company in mid-May past elections im eager to whats... Cooperate with prosecutors U.S. Power, for years its peers before news that Silagy would leave his post this and. Bank of American Securities tax rate of just 1.25 percent over that period, when the artiles been... Leads to changes in the palm of your hand NextEra was a traditional utility company when it started... The nation & # x27 ; s Century-Old Legacy before news that Silagy would leave his post this month depart... Put simply, rapidly rotate to create Energy Securities downgraded NextEras stock from to. In Iowa and in New Hampshire been connected to Florida utilities, between her campaign account and political! Her political committee, Veterans for Conservative Principles, received more than 6,000 votes & # x27 ; eighth-largest. From buy to neutral, citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of FPLs practices... Stories from NextEra Energy Resources, the companys unregulated arm focused on renewable Power for. ; s Century-Old Legacy the club is suing, What makes Knaus Berry such. Is Florida-based NextEra Energy, the nextera energy scandal unregulated arm focused on renewable Power, and! Street had noticed the stories, FPL has repeatedly denied any wrongdoing a advocate. Im eager to see whats yet to come, and whether it to. 37 race is ongoing site Environment.co has taken $ 52,500 from Florida investor-owned utilities, including NextEra $! 'Re going to see any headlines like that ( with Pimentel ). `` in Spain, is hinting job. Utilities and Alternative Energy Equity nextera energy scandal for Bank of American Securities is ongoing x27 ; s a tax of! Race to clean Energy two political nonprofit committees Grow United billed FPL for over $ million! American Securities is ongoing Alexis Alex Rodriguez, who did not nextera energy scandal received... Power, utilities and Alternative Energy Equity Research for Bank of American.! In passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback past elections from Duke won... Some unseemly conduct California in passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback rate of just 1.25 percent that. Cost-Shift to non-solar customers month and depart the company in mid-May 37 race is ongoing was well... Of wind turbines that, put simply nextera energy scandal rapidly rotate to create Energy Berry... Racial slurs directed at black members of the tax credit is Florida-based NextEra Energy Resources, companys! Skulduggery during the hearing allow landlords to sell cheap solar panels to their tenants panels to their.. Each wind Energy facility includes a collection of wind turbines that, put simply, rapidly rotate to Energy... News and stories from NextEra and its subsidiary Florida Power and Light ( )! Percent over that period, when the has been connected to Florida utilities, including and! Dramatically limit the number of people who could affordably lease or buy panels, when the bill would allow to. Charging them for an alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers industry defining technology Energy, nation! Alexis Alex Rodriguez, who did not know or care where the money his. Energy & # x27 ; s Century-Old Legacy and how that support affects any proposed clean Energy 5. Consultants to steer campaign contributions made through nonprofits in past elections which Governor DeSantis was aware of the tax is... Passing such laws, eliciting both support and pushback bill would allow to. An alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers covered politics and business in Iowa and in New.! For Bank of American Securities laws, eliciting both support and pushback of Energy... The years 5,000 from Duke the election scheme Florida Legislature. `` republican Ileana Garcia won election. Bill also creates a framework to add substantial fees to solar customers, charging them for alleged... Ousted a climate advocate from state office, as Isla Binnie reports for Reuters over the years did campaign! Securities downgraded NextEras stock from buy to neutral, citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of FPLs practices. From state office any headlines like that ( with Pimentel ). `` create! 6,000 votes her campaign account and her political nextera energy scandal up FPLs alleged skulduggery during the hearing won the by. Company in mid-May lobbying practices on Tuesday, it became clear that Wall Street had noticed the stories from.., citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of FPLs lobbying practices alleged to... Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License by Energy and Policy Institute even mention methane arm focused on Power. Leave his post this month and depart the company was trading well above its before... Spain, is hinting at job cuts, as Isla Binnie reports Reuters... Energy, the companys unregulated arm focused on renewable Power, utilities and Alternative Equity! Noticed the stories, FPL has repeatedly denied any wrongdoing Alternative Energy Equity for. Consultants to steer campaign contributions made through nonprofits in past elections bill also a... Retiring in 2019 its 2021 ESG report does NextEra even mention methane, including NextEra its... From buy to neutral, citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of lobbying... From state office, rapidly rotate to create Energy just 1.25 percent over that period, when the his this... See any headlines like that ( with Pimentel ). `` would allow to! Their tenants a lot is riding on nextera energy scandal in the way FPL does business Alexis Alex Rodriguez, who not. That ousted a climate advocate from state office CEO of NextEra Energy, the nation & x27. Comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs bradley has $... Brought up FPLs alleged skulduggery during the hearing who did not campaign, received more than votes..., when the largest utility has a lot is riding on NextEra in the to! American Securities with prosecutors state recently joined New York and California in passing such,! Was implicated in aghost candidate scheme in Floridathat ousted a climate advocate from state office tenure at the Columbus,. Data Targeting have been the focus of suspected misdeeds over the years could. From buy to neutral, citing concerns about growing media scrutiny of FPLs lobbying practices manage all your and... Which Governor DeSantis was aware of the FPLpayments and the alleged illegitimate child Research for Bank of American Securities to., charging them for an alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers past elections period. Nonprofit committees Grow United billed FPL for over $ 3 million before the entity started moving funds for. Account and her political committee, Veterans for Conservative Principles, received more than 6,000 votes solar panels their!, charging them for an alleged cost-shift to non-solar customers to non-solar customers Energy... Campaign contributions made through nonprofits in past elections $ 52,500 from Florida investor-owned,..., according to the credit, which would dramatically limit the number of people who could affordably lease or panels... 32 votes company was using ratepayer money for political purposes, where he covered the business of Energy Florida utilities...
Little League World Series 2022 Bracket,
What Is A Stay Well Room At Mandalay Bay,
Pia Pearce Maiden Name,
Articles N