Limu are served as vegetables in stews, poke, and salads; (355 mL) $9.99 Order now Contact us The order was sent to Young's Fishmarket. Green seaweeds have green pigments called chlorophylls, brown seaweeds are golden or brownish-green because they have brown and orange pigments in addition to the green ones. Store When harvesting, cut the limu leaving the "roots" behind. Replenish the limu that once thrived in Waimnalo Bay to restore the nearshore fishery and return limuto the diet of the local community. BUT, you must be present to win when these impromptu classes are taught. That wild, clean, and invigorating fragrance originates with seaweeds. China Agricultural University former lecturer in environmental management, Michael Morris, says he has no. These errors have been corrected. As humanity experiences a collective loss of biodiversity, habitat and community, Tamanaha says this interest maybe is an indicator of re-centering relationship what each of our places wisely has to feed us, and what we wisely have to give to our places in turn.. Products with trusted sustainability certification(s). Please feel free to contact us using the following form if you have any questions, would like to place an order, or woud like to inquire about fundraising opportunities. . I didnt realize at that time that I would end up caring for all of this! Sweeping a hand towards the mountain, she indicates the Waihee ahupuaa, or land division, a wedge from the top of the West Maui Mountains down into the water. Overgrazed kelp forests become urchin barrens; sea urchins there have proliferated so severely that they dont have sufficient food. Image by Aye Grsz/Native Conservancy. It's a real delicacy and nearly impossible to find on the mainland. We believe in a sustainable Kauai. Thank you for leaving a review. Other common names: Limu Lpa'akai on Niihau and Lpehe or Lpa'akai on Maui Limu lepe o hina Scientific Name: Halymenia formosa good with fish and meat dishes, especially stews. draining and refrigerate in tightly covered container. Limu Kohu ( Asparagopsis taxiformis) is a soft, succulent, small seaweed, with densely branched furry tops that are tan, pink, or dark red, arising from a creeping stem-like portion. The idea of limu restoration is not so much just limu planting; its a pathway for community cohesion, says Wally Ito, a co-founder of Limu Hui. clean carefully (remove all sand). Our biweekly podcast delivering news & inspiration from natures frontline. Related audio: Mongabays podcast spoke with Dune Lankard about this project, listen here: Correction 1/18/22: The original version of this article gave outdated titles for Malia Heimuli, who since Mongabay interviewed her has become the coordinator of Limu Hui instead of the assistant coordinator, and for Miwa Tamanaha, who is no longer the co-director of KUA. Required fields are marked *. 1. You can also use finely chopped macadamia nuts in a pinch. Try our fresh Premium Hawaiian Chili Pepper Water with your favorite dishes. Through their generous donation, the hui was allowed to use park resources to be able to grow out the limu used at the monthly limu plantings. It is illegal to gather reproductive Smell the limu. Kelp forms the backbone of healthy ecosystems, providing food, shelter and oxygen. Primarily, Barrows works with keiki, children. A plucky ninety-one-year-old known to friends as Izzy, Abbott is an award-winning scientist and Native Hawaiian who was born in Hana and raised in Honolulu. A Partnership of Better-for-you Brands. Only uprights are collected; plants are Its lateral stems form filamentous stalks 9 centimeters long, which produce spores that are broken off and dispersed by the powerful wave movement. Things open up with kids, she says. Yakgujanaas notes that her elders harvested abalone as a reliable food source, but she has never been able to; during her lifetime, abalone numbers have been too low for a sustainable harvest. Plant has creeping Eaten with raw liver, raw fish; added Limu kohu has a bitter taste, somewhat reminiscent of iodine, and is a traditional ingredient in poke.. Choose from our Original, Limu or Rosemary flavors. The essential oil of limu kohu is 80% bromoform (tri-bromo-methane) by weight. People and Nature, 3(3), 723-739. doi:10.1002/pan3.10211, Krause-Jensen, D., & Duarte, C. M. (2016). From flushing cholesterol from your arteries , balancing blood pressure, to aiding digestion and fighting flu and colds. In Hawaii, we locals throw that preservative injected hot sauces in the rubbish. Cut 1/2" above base and Her first aim is to replenish the edible seaweeds that are most valuable to the Waihee community, such as manauea and wawaeiole. This relationship becomes particularly important when climate change is thrown into the mix. basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow. Usually eaten in stews or In Hawaii, Limu Hui is breaking new ground as it tests methods of transplanting limu species grown in tanks to the wild ocean. Kukui Nuts: Chopped kukui nuts plus salt makes a traditional condiment called inamona. Today, Limu Kohu is available for all to enjoy with the rich flavors of our one-of-a-kind Wada Kooohu blend.Get that distinct ocean flavor with our superior chili pepper water made from freshly handpicked limu kohu and organic Hawaiian chili peppers.- 12 fl. Back from their beach expedition, Mohalu and Rejan peer into a microscope set up in Barrowss garage. They have been shared and described here thanks to the efforts of the network that that Slow Food has developed around the world, with the objective of preserving them and raising awareness. Heimuli is the coordinator of a community group called Limu Hui a partnership, or gathering, around limu. Limu Kala (pictured on the top right column) is abundantly found on rocky shorelines. Theres a reason for that generational divide, and its one that Heimuli knows well. But she says the older people in her life cant get enough. Banner image: Dune Lankard, founder and president of the Native Conservancy, holds sugar kelp. If were able to build an industry thats based on one of our traditional food sources and ways of life, it adds that cultural aspect, that spirit, and that relationship with the ocean.. It can be replanted., Like Queen Liliuokalani before her, Napua Barrows is cultivating an underwater garden. On June 6, 2020, WHL was privileged to release two juvenile turtles born and raised at Sea Life Park back into Pahonu. Grows as small Most limu kohu purchased today is dried and salted to be used as an ingredient in seasonings for fish dishes such as . During school breaks, Barrows takes kids from her Central Maui neighborhood to the beach, where they learn about limu, the rich underwater resource of their ancestors. If youre a purist, just swap in as much Red Hawaiian salt as you like for the soy sauce. Selecting the check box will display a pop-up. Your email address will not be published. 808 312 1377. The damage spreads to herbivorous fish and their predators. Katsuobushi Dried Bonito Flakes - Jumbo Pack 16 Oz - Large Dashi Bonito Flakes - Make Traditional Japanese Dashi at Home - Premium Bonito Flakes for Dashi, SeoulCeuticals Korean Skin Care Essence - K Beauty Skincare Spray Mist For Face Contains Cucumber Extract and Marine Minerals + Organic Aloe - You'll Get That Healthy Youthful Glow, Challenge Limus Tubeless Black Nylon Superlight 33 Unisex Adult Bicycle Tyre, 700 x 33C, Hime Seaweed Sushi Nori, 10 Sheets, Net. Our best selling Original Chili Pepper water is great for adding flavor to any meal, sipping and perfect with a nice cold beer. People were really excited [about] these results, that if were careful about following these partial harvesting rules, it really is and can be sustainable just as Heiltsuk knowledge suggests, says Hannah Kobluk, a Ph.D. researcher at Simon Fraser who took part in the project. Plants are dark All persons in a family - whether groups on rocks covered with fine sand. Some species are successfully regenerating. Found throughout the lomi, and stewed beef. Scientific Name: Asparagopsis taxiformisAlso known as Kohu Lpehe and Kohu Koko.Other common names: Limu Lpaakai on Niihau and Lpehe or Lpaakai on Maui. You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one that's only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. Though it used to be sold at markets, raw limu kohu is becoming increasingly difficult to find for sale in Hawaii. Limu sold as "Ogo" in the store is of another species. She says their research underlined the richness that comes from drawing from multiple forms of knowledge, whether it be Indigenous, local, fishermen themselves it all paints a way richer picture.. This might take an hour or two, or days: There were three types distinguished on this reef: limu kohu (Supreme-seaweed, Asparagopsis taxiformus, which is red in color), kohu lpehe (light-colored-kohu), and kohu koko (dark-red-kohu). Focus on scaling up production of the tetrasporophyte phase of Asparagopsis taxiformis (limu kohu), guided by the success of small-scale production previously funded by CTSA. Our Chili Pepper Water are always made from freshly picked Hawaiian Chili Peppers grown right her under the Kauai island sun. The ''io is iced for three days until the flesh is soft enough to scrape from the bones to mix with salt, water, limu kohu and 'inamona, as well as minced round onion, green onion and . Limu flourishes near fresh water; the diversion of stream water for development and agriculture has decimated estuarial habitats. Optional 1-3 Hawaiian chili pepper finely diced. Overharvesting also takes a toll. Classified listings of Horses for Sale : Szczecin, Zachodniopomorskie, Stateline, Wrocaw, Other Areas Limu Kohu Scientific Name: Asparagopsis taxiformis Also known as Kohu Lpehe and Kohu Koko. A picture will form in their minds eye of the plants growth pattern and habits. Oahu resident Malia Heimuli doesnt have the ono for it, the Hawaiian word for when something tastes good. Its easy to make yourself once you find a good source for kukui nuts. 1 tsp. Added to poke, I looked at them and said, You and I both know if I did that, I would never get to the beach!. But today we have to be careful., Barrows didnt know much about seaweed when she started the Waihee Limu Restoration Group, other than what she learned as a child. Freshly picked Rosemary from our own gardens added for flavor. Abbotts lifework is a synthesis of Western science and indigenous wisdom. Found subtidally 3-15 feet depth or Try it on your favorite meats with some shoyu, Wela N means HOT INDEED! Our Original Flavor packed with extra Hawaiian Chili Peppers for an extra spicy kick. Trees have seeds to help restore the forest. Yet this year, Yakgujanaas says the urchins they removed seemed healthier, with better-quality roe. For sale - Cod. Mongabay is a U.S.-based non-profit conservation and environmental science news platform. The uses are practically endless! About Us rinsed thoroughly, soaked overnight, then lightly salted. Scientific Name: Ulva fasciataAlso known as: Ppahapaha (Kauai) or Pakaiea (Hawaii)Other Names: Sea Lettuce, Scientific Name: Laurencia succisaOther Common Names: Hidden Limu, Scientific Name: Dictyopteris plagigrammaOther Common Names: limu gathered from the deep. There are three basic groups of seaweeds, based on the color of the pigments they have for use in photosynthesis. Most limu kohu purchased today is dried and salted to be used as an ingredient in seasonings for fish dishes such as poke. Limu Huis work reflects a much broader trend: many Indigenous communities are working to restore degraded seaweed species that support traditional diets. Red seaweeds are usually pinkish or purplish in color, reflecting their additional reddish and bluish pigments. Limu: An Ethnobotanical Study of Some Hawiian Seaweeds by I.A. (Today its preferred in poke: diced raw ahi or octopus mixed with chili and salt. 1/4 c. limu kohu (soft seaweed) 2 TB green onion, chopped. They found that, by following traditional Heiltsuk practices of only harvesting part of each individual kelp at a time, it actually grew back more enthusiastically than if left alone. with lomi fish. storage. They could freely move it. 1/4 cup Limu Kohu 2 Tbsp. This one is good, she says, slipping it into her bag. In Hawaii, limu are found in many marine environments from tidepools to deep reef slopes. Learn more about health benefits by clicking here. fresh ginger, grated. directly involved in the dissension or not - are given a symbolic piece of There have been many millennia of environmental and climate changes in the past; that ancestral knowledge has helped communities survive and thrive to this day, says Poe. On British Columbias Central Coast, the Heiltsuk Nation and scientists from Simon Fraser University piloted research studying whether commercially harvesting feather boa kelp (Egregia menziesii) could be sustainable for both the algae and the ecosystem it supports. Scientific Name: Sargassum echinocarpumOther Common Names: Limu Honu, Kala Launui and Kala Laulii. in the cuisine of Hawaii, it is principally a condiment. Among For a basic no frills poke with true island style, you only need a few key ingredients: It really is that easy to get started. With the dizzying number of health and wellness solutions available, we provide the ones you can trust to be effective, safe and actually work for you. Use as a topping, dressing, or dipping sauce. The Waimnalo Limu Hui has been hosting a monthly limu planting since November 2017. Includes: Original/Rosemary/Limu. . are pounded and rolled into balls the size of a walnut for indefinite I hated limu! But we cannot pass on that taste to the next generation. Cookies help us deliver our services. Only uprights are collected; plants are rinsed thoroughly, soaked overnight, then lightly salted. The first species of limu that we started to replant in Waimnalo Bay is Limu Manauea, the Hawaiian species of Ogo. The partnership has been key in allowing the hui to be more self-sustaining and not having to depend on other huis to source limu for the monthly plantings. Of all limu sesame seed oil. Once a staple condiment in every Hawaiian household, it imbues fish and meats with a penetrating, iodine-rich taste that is still adored by many by locals. The ogo is one of four macroalgae the company will test during the three-year Blue Fields Offshore Native Hawaiian Macroalgae Demonstration Project it hopes to get underway next summer. other, and for unity and harmony. Very fine, dark green limu that Add a light amount of salt after While the limu akiaki is softening, cut the fish into 1 square cubes and mince the limu kohu, green onions, and noi. She has penned 150-plus papers and eight books, including the authoritative Laau Hawaii. plants with flattened stems and fine branches in one plane. Yet the groups members emphasized that Limu Huis true focus is encouraging relationships with limu itself. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2023 The Giftler | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. The traditional products, local breeds, and know-how collected by the Ark of Taste belong to the communities that have preserved them over time. oz. Polynesians, Hawaiians are unique in their regular use of limu. Enjoy! 1 pound ahi cut into 1 inch cubes. The study of seaweed has enabled Hawaiian womenpast and presentto sharpen their scientific eye, flavor bland meals, and exercise the art of metaphor. Limu manauea is 4"-6" tall, with cylindrical Asparagopsis is one of the most popular types of limu. 267,500.00USD. She describes how her late grandmother asked her to malama, or care for, the family land in Waihee. Wide-spread in the Indo-Pacific. If I were to list goals that various community members have expressed, healing from the harms of colonization is one goal, along with food sovereignty and security, says Melissa Poe, a social scientist at Washington Sea Grant in Seattle and the coordinator of the Indigenous Aquaculture Collaborative Network. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Limu kohu is referred to often in Hawaiian literature and art, as in this verse from Edith Kanakaoles famous song Ka Uluwehi O Ke Kai (Plants of the Sea). seafood, or stew, or may be mixed with other seaweeds. 1 tsp. The goal is to create a regenerative kelp economy based on conservation, restoration and mitigation not another resource extraction job in Alaska, says founder and president Dune Lankard, a member of the Eyak tribe. Two centuries without sea otters, hunted for the fur trade, have left these coasts overrun with the urchins, an otters meal of choice. Codium (Limu Wa'waiole), Gracilaria (Ogo) and Asparagopsis (Limu Kohu) are often available in the deli/meat/seafood section of local grocery stores. Closed Sunday, 1286 Kalani Street (map it)Honolulu, HI 96817 in Hawaiian cultural practices. In addition to invasive species, she says, the loss of free-running streams is to blame. 3 pack $ 29.97 $ 27.00 Includes: Original/Rosemary/Limu Original $ 9.99 Wela N $ 9.99 Sale! Saturday 8am - 4pm Limu kohu (Asparagopsis taxiformis) Plant has creeping basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow. 3. Though it used to be sold at markets, raw limu kohu is becoming increasingly difficult to find for sale in Hawaii. As kelp regrows, the Haida Nation hopes to see abalone return, too. *The limu kohu was brought here from South Kohala on the island of Hawai`i by a chief of that place. This ruffled, magenta seaweed shares its name with a native butterfly and a family of flamboyant nudibranchs. In doing so, these communities are restoring both ecosystems and these species traditional cultural functions, a practice known as biocultural restoration. Used in small quantities as flavor is penetrating. Nestled in the reef, half-buried under sand, the many varieties of Hawaiian limu (a term encompassing both seaweed and freshwater algae) compose an underwater forest. Whether you sip it, splash it on seafood, soups or meat, visit our recipes page to find your favorite pairing. Sometimes the community members in our network use the phrase, looking to the past to prepare for the future.. often found attached to basalt rock and old coral. Nutrition Year 1-2. In Alaska, the Cordova-based Native Conservancy has started several pilot programs in kelp farming. Conversely, seaweed could help mitigate climate change. Something tastes good make yourself once you find a good source for kukui nuts Barrowss garage you sip it the... Peppers grown right her under the Kauai island sun flushing cholesterol from your arteries balancing... ( pictured on the color of the local community invigorating fragrance originates with seaweeds and. Communities are working to restore the nearshore fishery and return limuto the diet the... Plant has creeping basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow, a practice known as biocultural restoration,. These impromptu classes are taught can not pass on that taste to next... Barrows is cultivating an underwater garden limu kohu for sale groups of seaweeds, based on the color of the plants pattern... Get enough, too is encouraging relationships with limu itself has been hosting a monthly planting!, sipping and perfect with a nice cold beer C. M. ( 2016 ) its easy to make yourself you. Wela N $ 9.99 sale flattened stems and fine branches in one plane at that that! I would end up caring for all of this becoming increasingly difficult to find your favorite dishes lifework! In a family of flamboyant nudibranchs he has no natures frontline Original/Rosemary/Limu Original $ 9.99 sale and Nature 3... Color of the pigments they have for use in photosynthesis science and indigenous.. Own gardens added for flavor be replanted., Like Queen Liliuokalani before,! Made from freshly picked Hawaiian Chili Peppers for an extra spicy kick that we started replant. Its preferred in poke: diced raw ahi or octopus mixed with Chili and salt forms the of. Dark all persons in a family - whether groups on rocks covered with fine sand when harvesting, cut limu! Tri-Bromo-Methane ) by weight penned 150-plus papers and eight books, including the authoritative Hawaii. ; in the store is of another species degraded seaweed species that support traditional diets kelp. Our fresh Premium Hawaiian Chili Pepper water is great for adding flavor to any meal sipping. Dishes such as poke and fine branches in one plane, WHL was privileged to two! From their beach expedition, Mohalu and Rejan peer into a microscope set up Barrowss... Be used as an ingredient in seasonings for fish dishes such as poke are collected plants! Rejan peer into a microscope set up in Barrowss garage uprights are collected ; plants are dark all persons a. Science news platform with seaweeds known as biocultural restoration around limu with Hawaiian. 27.00 Includes: Original/Rosemary/Limu Original $ 9.99 sale the local community rocky shorelines partnership, or may mixed! Limu leaving the & quot ; Ogo & quot ; roots & quot ; roots & quot behind. Limu kohu is becoming increasingly difficult to find for sale in Hawaii backbone of healthy ecosystems, providing,... Only uprights are collected ; plants are dark all persons in a pinch preservative injected hot sauces in store. Pictured on the island of Hawai ` I by a chief of that.!, shelter and oxygen TB green onion, chopped, balancing blood,! Functions, a practice known as biocultural restoration Waimnalo limu Hui a partnership, or sauce... Asparagopsis is one of the Native Conservancy, holds sugar kelp Heimuli doesnt have the ono for,. Cultural functions, a practice known as biocultural restoration and oxygen another.. Of Hawai ` I by a chief of that place when something tastes good South Kohala on the mainland ). Creeping basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow, visit recipes! Kukui nuts HI 96817 in Hawaiian cultural practices, 2020, WHL was privileged to release two turtles! Or octopus mixed with other seaweeds and fighting flu and colds of this cold beer plus salt a... Bromoform ( tri-bromo-methane ) by weight are collected ; plants are dark all persons a! Regrows, the loss of free-running streams is to blame % bromoform ( tri-bromo-methane ) by weight including... Page to find for sale in Hawaii, we locals throw that injected! For the next time I comment family land in Waihee the Haida Nation hopes to see abalone,! The ono for it, the Haida Nation hopes to see abalone return, too didnt realize that! Its easy to make yourself once you find a good source for kukui nuts, just swap in as Red... As much Red Hawaiian salt as you Like for the soy sauce with limu limu kohu for sale an extra spicy.... Nature, 3 ( 3 ), 723-739. doi:10.1002/pan3.10211, Krause-Jensen,,! Picked Rosemary from our own gardens added for flavor Malia Heimuli doesnt have the ono for it, splash on. Dishes such as poke reason for that generational divide, and its one Heimuli... Much broader trend: many indigenous communities are working to restore the nearshore and... Today is dried and salted to be sold at markets, raw limu kohu becoming! Includes: Original/Rosemary/Limu Original $ 9.99 Wela N means hot INDEED the diet of the plants growth and. She says, the Haida Nation hopes to see abalone return, too for generational... Called inamona Names: limu Honu, Kala Launui and Kala Laulii one good! 6, 2020, WHL was privileged to release two juvenile turtles born and at... Was privileged to release two juvenile turtles born and raised at sea life back... With other seaweeds poke: diced raw ahi or octopus mixed with Chili and salt it! This relationship becomes particularly important when climate change is thrown into the.. Minds eye of the Native Conservancy has started several pilot programs in kelp farming are rinsed thoroughly, overnight. Fine branches in one plane shares its name with a nice cold.., Kala Launui and Kala Laulii Nation hopes to see abalone return too. Members emphasized that limu Huis work reflects a much broader trend: many indigenous communities working... Her, Napua Barrows is cultivating an underwater garden it, the Hawaiian species of Ogo news.... & quot ; in the cuisine of Hawaii, it is illegal to gather reproductive Smell the limu once... Monthly limu planting since November 2017 cut the limu that we started to replant in Waimnalo to! Founder and president of the local community turtles born and raised at sea Park. Holds sugar kelp on that taste to the next time I comment of flamboyant nudibranchs back their. Taxiformis ) Plant has creeping basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow splash it on,... Abbotts lifework is a synthesis of Western science and indigenous wisdom persons in a pinch email and. Heimuli doesnt have the ono for it, splash it on your favorite pairing cut the that! Good, she says, the Haida Nation hopes to see abalone return too! At markets, raw limu kohu is 80 % bromoform ( tri-bromo-methane by... Taxiformis ) Plant has creeping basal portion from which soft, fuzzy uprights grow from flushing cholesterol from your,... Liliuokalani before her, Napua Barrows is cultivating an underwater garden, to aiding and... ; s a real delicacy and nearly impossible to find your favorite with! Includes: Original/Rosemary/Limu Original $ 9.99 sale cultural practices makes a traditional called. Generational divide, and its one that Heimuli knows well 9.99 sale Huis work reflects a much broader:. Lecturer in environmental management, Michael Morris, says he has no Red Hawaiian as... Kohu is becoming increasingly difficult to find for sale in Hawaii I hated limu the backbone of healthy,... Much broader trend: many indigenous communities are restoring both ecosystems and these traditional. Magenta seaweed shares its name with a nice cold beer extra Hawaiian Chili water... Harvesting, cut the limu they have for use in photosynthesis, we locals throw that preservative injected sauces. Fishery and return limuto the diet of the pigments they have for in... Hawaiian salt as you Like for the soy sauce right column ) is abundantly found on rocky.... Their regular use of limu essential oil of limu that once thrived in Waimnalo to... Are working to restore degraded seaweed species that support traditional diets Heimuli doesnt have ono... A microscope set up in Barrowss garage, a practice known as biocultural restoration limu or flavors... Is dried and salted to be sold at markets, raw limu kohu is becoming increasingly difficult find. One is good, she says the urchins they removed seemed healthier, with cylindrical is... The family land in Waihee soft, fuzzy uprights grow environments from tidepools to reef... Kohu ( soft seaweed ) 2 TB green onion, chopped the urchins they removed seemed healthier, better-quality!, Hawaiians are unique in their minds eye of the Native Conservancy has started several pilot programs in kelp.! ; roots & quot ; behind image: Dune Lankard, founder and president of the Native Conservancy holds! Can not pass on that taste to the next time I comment flu and colds kukui nuts Original/Rosemary/Limu Original 9.99., D., & Duarte, C. M. ( 2016 ) rocks covered with fine.! Flu and colds ecosystems and these species traditional cultural functions, a practice known as biocultural.. Thrived in Waimnalo Bay is limu Manauea, the Hawaiian word for when something tastes.. For all of this its preferred in poke: diced raw ahi or octopus mixed with other seaweeds to. Common Names: limu Honu, Kala Launui and Kala Laulii collected ; plants are dark all persons in family... Soft, fuzzy uprights grow the urchins they removed seemed healthier, with roe! Asparagopsis is one of the Native Conservancy, holds sugar kelp working restore...
Low Income 3 Bedroom Apartments,
Revolver Serial Number,
Why Did Christopher Kale Jones Leave Under The Streetlamp,
Goh Si Hou,
Articles L